Key verses: "Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you and do not transgress." (2:190); "Prepare against them what you can." (8:60)
Types of jihad:
- Jihad of the self: Striving against desires and the devil — "Those who strive for Us" (29:69).
- Jihad of da'wa: Calling to Allah with wisdom — "Strive against them with it (the Quran) a great striving." (25:52)
- Armed jihad (qital): To repel aggression and remove oppression — with conditions.
Conditions for declaring armed jihad:
- Leadership: Declared only by a legitimate imam — communal obligation under the imam's leadership.
- Valid Sharia reason: Aggression, obstruction of da'wa, or oppression — not worldly motives.
- Capability: "Prepare against them what you can" — condition of preparation and capacity.
- Invitation first: The enemy is invited to Islam or jizya before fighting — hadith of Burayda (Muslim 1731).
Individual vs. communal duty: Individual obligation when enemies invade the land; communal otherwise.
Question: What are the three types of jihad? Name two conditions for declaring armed jihad.
Answer: Types: jihad of the self, da'wa, armed. Two conditions for declaration: legitimate leadership, and a valid Sharia cause (aggression or obstruction of da'wa).