Ibdal — Converting the Hamza into a Long Vowel

Definition of Ibdal:
Ibdal: converting a sukoon hamza into a long vowel matching the movement of the letter before it. If preceded by fatha — it becomes alif; dhamma — waaw; kasra — yaa.

Notable Ibdal positions in Hafs:

• "Aamana" — originally "A-amana"; the second sukoon hamza became alif (lengthened).
• "Eemaan" — originally "Ei-maan"; the sukoon hamza became yaa.
• "Yu-minu" — when stopping: pure sukoon, no ibdal. When continuing: hamza is fully pronounced.

Rule of Ibdal:
Ibdal applies only to sukoon hamza — the voweled hamza is not changed by analogy in Hafs except where transmitted by hearing.

Practical benefit:
Many hamzas the reader thinks are original are actually ibdal from sukoon hamzas — knowing this aids correct pronunciation and understanding word roots.