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Ikhfa Haqiqi — Three Ranks and Examples for All Fifteen Letters

tajweed Level: intermediate noon-rules tj-105
Ikhfa Haqiqi: Pronouncing noon/tanween in a state between Izhar and Idgham, without shaddah, retaining ghunnah for 2 counts.

15 Letters from Al-Jamzouri's verse: "ṣif dha thanā kam jāda shakhṣun qad samā — dum ṭayyiban zid fī tuqan ḍa' ẓālimā"
Letters: ص ذ ث ك ج ش ق س د ط ز ف ت ض ظ

Three Ranks (based on closeness to noon's makhraj):
  1. Highest Rank (closest): ط، د، ت — Examples: أَنْطَقَنَا، مَنْ دَسَّاهَا، كُنْتُمْ، قِنْطَارٍ
  2. Lowest Rank (farthest): ق، ك — Examples: مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ، عَنْكُمْ، كِتَابٌ قَيِّمٌ
  3. Middle Rank: Remaining 10 letters — each with Qur'anic examples
Ghunnah heaviness: Heavy with ص ض ط ظ ق (e.g., أَنْطَقَنَا). Light with others (e.g., أَنْتَ).
Source: Tuhfat Al-Atfal verses 24-28 | Matn Al-Jazariyyah verses 41-42 | Hidayat Al-Qari (p. 207)
Question: Why is the ghunnah heavy in "أَنْطَقَنَا" but light in "أَنْتَ"? What are the three ranks of Ikhfa?
Answer: Ghunnah follows the next letter's heaviness: in "أَنْطَقَنَا" the Ta is heavy so ghunnah is heavy; in "أَنْتَ" the Ta is light so ghunnah is light. Three ranks: Highest (ط د ت — closest), Lowest (ق ك — farthest), Middle (10 letters)
Printed from quran.zayenha.com — 6/13/2026