(1) Hamzat Al-Qat' (Cutting Hamza):
Permanent in writing and pronunciation (start, middle, pause).
Signs: أ، إ، آ، ؤ، ئ
Places: All nouns (except 10), 4-letter verbs, all particles (except Al), any hamza not at word start.
Examples: أَكْرَمَ، إِنَّ، أَعُوذُ، قَرَأَ
(2) Hamzat Al-Wasl (Connecting Hamza):
Extra hamza — sounds when starting, drops in continuous reading.
Sign: ٱ (or plain alif).
Places:
- 10 nouns: اسم، ابن، ابنة، امرؤ، امرأة، اثنان، اثنتان، ايمن، است، ابنم
- Verbs: past 5-6 letter, command of 3-5-6 letter, masdar of 5-6 letter
- One particle: "Al" of definite article
Quick test: Add "Wa" or "Fa" prefix:
- Still pronounced → Qat'
- Dropped in pronunciation → Wasl
Question: How can you practically distinguish Wasl from Qat'? How many nouns have hamzat al-wasl?
Answer: Test: prefix with "Wa" — if still pronounced, it's Qat'; if dropped, it's Wasl. Example: "وَاقْرَأ" pronounced "وَقْرَأ" (Wasl). Ten nouns: اسم، ابن، ابنة، امرؤ، امرأة، اثنان، اثنتان، ايمن، است، ابنم