Sources of Jurisprudence — Quran, Sunnah, Ijma, and Qiyas
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Level: intermediate
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وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ ٱلرَّسُولَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ
— النساء 115
Four sources in order: (1) Quran. (2) Authentic Sunnah. (3) Ijma: scholars' consensus in an era on a ruling. (4) Qiyas: analogizing a new case to an established one via shared cause — example: intoxicants analogized to wine (cause: intoxication).
Evidence for Ijma: "Whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance is clear and follows other than the believers' way." (4:115)
Source: Al-Shafi'i, Al-Risala; Ibn Al-Qayyim, I'lam Al-Muwaqqi'in
Question: What is the order of the four sources of Islamic jurisprudence?
Answer: (1) Quran (2) Sunnah (3) Ijma (4) Qiyas.