Basic Monotheism Surah: Al-Ikhlas (1)

Occasion of Revelation (Hasan — Tirmidhi & Tabarani):
The polytheists — or some People of the Book — asked the Prophet ﷺ: "Describe your Lord to us. Is He made of gold or silver? What is His lineage?" Surah Al-Ikhlas was revealed as a complete answer. One narration reads: "Give us His genealogy."

Content & Significance:

• "Say: He is Allah, the One (Ahad)" — Ahad is unique to Allah; stronger than "one" in negating any likeness
• "Allah, the Eternally Sufficient (As-Samad)" — The Master sought in all needs, who neither eats nor drinks
• "He neither begot nor was begotten" — Refuting Christians (Jesus son of God) and polytheists (angels as daughters of God)
• "Nor is there any equivalent to Him" — Total negation of any equal or likeness

Virtue: "It equals one-third of the Quran" (Bukhari & Muslim) — because it encompasses the topic of divine attributes.

Source: Tirmidhi (3364) — Hasan Gharib; Tabarani, Al-Awsat; Al-Wahidi, Asbab Al-Nuzul

Tags: الإخلاصالتوحيدصفات اللهأسماء اللهثلث القرآن