Basic
Prayer
Surah: An-Nisa (101)
Prayer of Fear and Travel — The Divine Concession
فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقۡصُرُواْ مِنَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ
— النساء الآية 101
Verse: "When you travel the earth, there is no blame on you in shortening prayer if you fear the disbelievers will trouble you." (4:101)
Shortening in travel: Four-unit prayers (Dhuhr, Asr, Isha) shortened to two units. Condition: distance exceeding ~80 km (scholarly difference).
Combining prayers: Forward combining (Dhuhr+Asr at Dhuhr time) or delayed (at Asr time) — permitted in travel and certain hardship.
Prayer of fear: Special forms during battle, described in detail in 4:102.
Hadith: "Allah loves that His concessions be taken, just as He dislikes that His prohibitions be committed." (Ahmad — Sahih)
Shortening in travel: Four-unit prayers (Dhuhr, Asr, Isha) shortened to two units. Condition: distance exceeding ~80 km (scholarly difference).
Combining prayers: Forward combining (Dhuhr+Asr at Dhuhr time) or delayed (at Asr time) — permitted in travel and certain hardship.
Prayer of fear: Special forms during battle, described in detail in 4:102.
Hadith: "Allah loves that His concessions be taken, just as He dislikes that His prohibitions be committed." (Ahmad — Sahih)
Source: Al-Qurtubi (5/357); Ibn Qudama (2/111); Ahmad (5/433) — Sahih
Test Yourself
Which prayers are shortened in travel and how many units do they become?
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