Intermediate Inheritance Surah: An-Nisa (12)

After Any Bequest or Debt — Bequest and Debt Before Inheritance

مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِينَ بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٍ
— النساء الآية 12
Verse: "After any bequest you make or debt." (4:12)

Fiqh order of the estate: Funeral and burial expenses → debts → bequest (within third) → inheritance.

Debt before bequest: The verse repeats "after bequest... or debt" in every section. Mention order doesn't mean application order — debt precedes bequest in legal application.

Wisdom: Bequest is voluntary; debt is obligatory — what is obligated takes precedence over what is voluntary.
Source: Al-Qurtubi (5/55); Ibn Qudama (6/409); Ibn Al-Arabi
Tags: ترتيب التركةالنساءالدَّينالوصيةالميراث

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