Intermediate
Common Errors
Surah: Al-Hashr (18)
Resemblances Between Readers — Words That Confuse Tajweed Students
وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ
— الحشر الآية 18
Most problematic areas for students:
1. "Al-Nash'a / Al-Nasha'a" (Al-Ankabut 20):
Nafi, Ibn Kathir, and Abu Amr: "nasha'a" with madd — others: "nash'a" without madd.
Common error: applying madd in Asim's narration where there is none.
2. "A-al-dhakarayn" (Al-An'am 143):
Interrogative hamza before "al" requires madd — common error: shortening or omitting it entirely.
3. "Yu'akhidhukum / ya'khudukum":
Students confuse these forms across different verses — yu'akhidh implies punishment; ya'khudh means simple taking.
4. Imala of "majraha" (Hud 41):
Hamza and Al-Kisa'i apply imala to the ra of "majraha" — others read with fath. Error: applying imala in Hafs narration.
5. "Tusa''idun / tasa'adun" (Ali Imran 153):
Reading with shaddah on both sad and ayn — error: lightening it to "tas'adun."
General principle:
Ibn Al-Jazari: "The root of error in recitation is either ignorance of the narration, or transfer from a different recitation environment." The remedy: direct transmission from a licensed sheikh in the specific narration.
1. "Al-Nash'a / Al-Nasha'a" (Al-Ankabut 20):
Nafi, Ibn Kathir, and Abu Amr: "nasha'a" with madd — others: "nash'a" without madd.
Common error: applying madd in Asim's narration where there is none.
2. "A-al-dhakarayn" (Al-An'am 143):
Interrogative hamza before "al" requires madd — common error: shortening or omitting it entirely.
3. "Yu'akhidhukum / ya'khudukum":
Students confuse these forms across different verses — yu'akhidh implies punishment; ya'khudh means simple taking.
4. Imala of "majraha" (Hud 41):
Hamza and Al-Kisa'i apply imala to the ra of "majraha" — others read with fath. Error: applying imala in Hafs narration.
5. "Tusa''idun / tasa'adun" (Ali Imran 153):
Reading with shaddah on both sad and ayn — error: lightening it to "tas'adun."
General principle:
Ibn Al-Jazari: "The root of error in recitation is either ignorance of the narration, or transfer from a different recitation environment." The remedy: direct transmission from a licensed sheikh in the specific narration.
Source: Al-Nashr (2/210-350); Al-Itihaf; Al-Tuhfa Al-Latifa by Al-Sakhawi; Ibn Al-Jazari, Taqrib Al-Nashr
Test Yourself
Which of the Ten readers applies imala to the ra of "majraha" in Hud 41? What is the common student error?
Show Answer