Comprehensive Waqf — Sukoon, Rawm, Ishmam + Ta' Marbutah + Alif-spelled + Mu'anaqah
tajweed
Level: advanced
waqf
tj-124
Three Ways of Pausing:
(1) Plain Sukoon: Silencing the last letter completely. Most common. Applies to all vowels.
(2) Rawm: Pronouncing ~1/3 of the original vowel secretly. Heard by nearby. Only for dammah and kasrah, not fathah.
(3) Ishmam: Lip-rounding without sound after silence, indicating original dammah. Seen by nearby. Only for dammah.
Ta' Marbutah (ـة): Stops as silent Ha. Examples: الْجَنَّةُ → الْجَنَّهْ، رَحْمَةٌ → رَحْمَهْ. Exception: words written with mabsutah ت (like رَحْمَتُ) stop as Ta.
Alif-spelled words (originally tanween fath): Stop with Alif. Examples: إِذًا → إِذَا، لَنَسْفَعًا → لَنَسْفَعَا.
Mu'anaqah Sign (∴ ∴): Two interconnected pause marks — pause on one OR the other, but not both nor neither.
Six places in Qur'an including: Baqarah 2 (ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ ∴ لَا رَيْبَ ∴ فِيهِ), Nur 4, Takwir 4-5, Mu'min 16, Maryam 88.
Source: Manar Al-Huda by Al-Ashmuni | Matn Al-Jazariyyah verses 99-103 | Ghayat Al-Mureed (p. 271)
Question: Why is Ishmam/Rawm not possible on fathah? How do you pause on "الْجَنَّةُ" and "رَحْمَتُ"? What does the Mu'anaqah sign mean?
Answer: Fathah is light and indivisible; Ishmam is only for dammah. Pausing: "الْجَنَّةُ" → "الْجَنَّهْ" (silent Ha), "رَحْمَتُ" → "رَحْمَتْ" (Ta because written with mabsutah Ta). Mu'anaqah (∴ ∴): two adjacent stops — pause on one but not both nor neither