Intermediate
Madd
Surah: Al-Fatiha (5)
Incidental Sukoon Extension (Al-Madd Al-Aarid Lil-Sukoon) — Definition and Options
إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ
— الفاتحة الآية 5
Definition:
Al-Madd Al-Aarid Lil-Sukoon is when a madd letter is followed by a letter that is originally voweled but becomes silent (sukoon) temporarily due to pausing, causing an extension.
Difference from Al-Madd Al-Laazim:
Recitation Options:
Three options are permitted when pausing:
Examples:
• "Nasta'een" (Al-Fatiha: 5) — the waaw is a madd letter; the nuun is voweled when continuing but silenced when pausing, allowing 2, 4, or 6 counts.
• "Al-Raheem" (Al-Fatiha: 3) — the yaa is a madd letter; the meem is silenced when pausing.
Al-Madd Al-Aarid Lil-Sukoon is when a madd letter is followed by a letter that is originally voweled but becomes silent (sukoon) temporarily due to pausing, causing an extension.
Difference from Al-Madd Al-Laazim:
- Al-Madd Al-Laazim: The sukoon is original and permanent in both connection and pause.
- Al-Madd Al-Aarid: The sukoon is temporary, caused only by pausing; no extra extension when continuing.
Recitation Options:
Three options are permitted when pausing:
- Qasr (Short): 2 counts (like natural extension).
- Tawassut (Medium): 4 counts.
- Ishhbaac (Long): 6 counts.
Examples:
• "Nasta'een" (Al-Fatiha: 5) — the waaw is a madd letter; the nuun is voweled when continuing but silenced when pausing, allowing 2, 4, or 6 counts.
• "Al-Raheem" (Al-Fatiha: 3) — the yaa is a madd letter; the meem is silenced when pausing.
Source: Matn Al-Jazariyya by Ibn Al-Jazari; Al-Tuhfa Al-Saniyya by Al-Jamzuri; Hidayat Al-Qari by Al-Mursifi
Test Yourself
How many options are permitted for al-Madd al-Aarid? List them in order.
Show Answer