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Hafs Exceptions
Hafs Exceptions — Imalah, Ishmam, Tashil & Seen for Sad
Hafs Exceptions:
(1) Imalah (single place): "مَجْرَاهَا" in Hud 41 — Ra and following Alif are inclined toward kasrah/ya.
(2) Ishmam (single place): "لَا تَأْمَنَّا" in Yusuf 11 — lips round after silenced letter to indicate original dammah. Two modes: Ishmam (preferred) or Rawm.
(3) Tashil (single place): "ءَأَعْجَمِيٌّ" in Fussilat 44 — second hamza softened between hamza and alif. Two modes: Tashil (preferred) or Tahqiq.
(4) Seen for Sad:
(1) Imalah (single place): "مَجْرَاهَا" in Hud 41 — Ra and following Alif are inclined toward kasrah/ya.
(2) Ishmam (single place): "لَا تَأْمَنَّا" in Yusuf 11 — lips round after silenced letter to indicate original dammah. Two modes: Ishmam (preferred) or Rawm.
(3) Tashil (single place): "ءَأَعْجَمِيٌّ" in Fussilat 44 — second hamza softened between hamza and alif. Two modes: Tashil (preferred) or Tahqiq.
(4) Seen for Sad:
- "بَسْطَة" (A'raf 69) — read with Seen
- "وَيَبْسُطُ / وَيَبْصُطُ" (Baqarah 245) — two modes
- "الْمُصَيْطِرُون" (Tur 37) — two modes (Seen or Sad)
- "بِمُصَيْطِرٍ" (Ghashiyah 22) — only Sad
Source: An-Nashr (1/388, 2/166, 2/263, 2/325) | At-Taysir | Ghayat Al-Mureed
Test Yourself
What are the four unique Hafs cases (Imalah, Ishmam, Tashil, Seen) and which surahs?
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