Intermediate Parables Surah: Al-Baqara (26)

Definition of the explicit parable:
The parable that explicitly uses the word "mathal" (parable/likeness) — the most visible type of Quranic parables.

Three unique rhetorical examples:

1. The ant: "Not even the weight of a speck escapes your Lord." (10:61) — The ant is small, yet the Quran dedicates an entire surah to it. This is a rhetorical honoring of what people consider trivial.
2. The mosquito: "Indeed, Allah is not shy to strike a parable — even of a mosquito or smaller." (2:26) — A response to those who mocked using small creatures as parables. Truth does not avoid the small when it carries the meaning.
3. The spider: "The likeness of those who take protectors other than Allah is that of a spider taking a house." (29:41) — The flimsiest of houses outwardly yet appears solid — just like the patrons of falsehood: deceptive power that does not protect.

The rhetorical challenge in the mosquito:
Al-Zamakhshari: "The purpose of the parable is understanding and clarification — whichever creature is most fitting is used. The arrogant disdain parables using small things, but the Quran teaches that truth is not embarrassed by truth."

Source: Al-Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf (1/88); Al-Zarkashi (1/487); Al-Suyuti (4/43)

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