Intermediate Lawful & Unlawful Surah: Al-Ma'idah (88)

Verses: "Eat from what Allah has provided you, lawful and good." (5:88); "And do not waste — indeed He does not love the wasteful." (6:141)

Foundational hadith: "Allah has prescribed excellence (ihsan) in all things. So when you kill, kill well; when you slaughter, slaughter well. Let each of you sharpen his blade and give his animal ease." (Muslim 1955)

Conditions of lawful slaughter:

1. Invoking Allah's name — "Eat from what Allah's name has been pronounced over." (6:118)
2. Cutting the jugular veins and windpipe or esophagus to release blood.
3. Sharpening the blade — to minimize pain.
4. Not exhausting the animal before slaughter.
5. Not slaughtering one animal in front of another — per a sound hadith.

Wisdom: Islam made gentleness toward animals obligatory even at the moment of slaughter — using animals as mere targets or starving them is forbidden.

Modern mechanical slaughter: Permitted with conditions — preceded by tasmiya and blood must flow completely — approved by many jurisprudential bodies.

Source: Muslim (1955); Al-Qurtubi (6/74); Al-Mughni (13/295); Al-Qara Daghi, Ahkam al-Dhaba'ih (p.80)

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