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Hamzah Rules
Hamzat Al-Qat' & Hamzat Al-Wasl — Difference and Rulings
(1) Hamzat Al-Qat' (Cutting Hamza):
Permanent in writing and pronunciation (start, middle, pause).
Signs: أ، إ، آ، ؤ، ئ
Places: All nouns (except 10), 4-letter verbs, all particles (except Al), any hamza not at word start.
Examples: أَكْرَمَ، إِنَّ، أَعُوذُ، قَرَأَ
(2) Hamzat Al-Wasl (Connecting Hamza):
Extra hamza — sounds when starting, drops in continuous reading.
Sign: ٱ (or plain alif).
Places:
Permanent in writing and pronunciation (start, middle, pause).
Signs: أ، إ، آ، ؤ، ئ
Places: All nouns (except 10), 4-letter verbs, all particles (except Al), any hamza not at word start.
Examples: أَكْرَمَ، إِنَّ، أَعُوذُ، قَرَأَ
(2) Hamzat Al-Wasl (Connecting Hamza):
Extra hamza — sounds when starting, drops in continuous reading.
Sign: ٱ (or plain alif).
Places:
- 10 nouns: اسم، ابن، ابنة، امرؤ، امرأة، اثنان، اثنتان، ايمن، است، ابنم
- Verbs: past 5-6 letter, command of 3-5-6 letter, masdar of 5-6 letter
- One particle: "Al" of definite article
- Still pronounced → Qat'
- Dropped in pronunciation → Wasl
Source: An-Nashr (1/300) | Matn Al-Jazariyyah verses 96-98 | Hidayat Al-Qari
Test Yourself
How can you practically distinguish Wasl from Qat'? How many nouns have hamzat al-wasl?
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