Advanced Surah Openings Surah: Al-Baqarah (1)

Opening letters (fawatih) in the readings:
The readings differ in several aspects of the fawatih performance:

1. Imala in "Alr" and "Hm":

• The ra in "Alr" (Yunus, Hud, Yusuf, Ibrahim, Al-Hijr): Hamza, Al-Kisa'i, and Khalaf applied imala — others read with fath.
• The ha in "Hm": all read with fath — no disagreement.

2. Madd in "N", "Q", "S":

• Single madd letters (n, q, s, l, m, r...): obligatory madd (lazim) — measured at 6 counts.
• The hamza articulation in "Alm" varies between readers.

3. Idgham in "Alm":
The nun-sound in "Ayn-Sin-Nun" may be assimilated in certain readings when followed by appropriate letters — specific to particular narrations.

4. Tahqiq and tashil in "Alm Allah":
At the start of Ali Imran: "Alm — Allahu" — some read with full hamza of "Allah," others with tashil when connecting the mim to "Allah."

Ibn Al-Jazari: "Reciting the opening letters according to the transmitted method is the correct way — departing from mutawatir performance is not permitted."

Source: Al-Nashr (2/207-214); Al-Itihaf (p.140-145); Ibn Al-Qasih, Siraj Al-Qari

Tags: الفواتحالحروف المقطعةالإمالةالمد اللازمالبقرةآل عمرانحمزة