Tajweed Rules
35 cards (filtered)
Tajweed rules govern how each Quranic letter is pronounced, its characteristics, and its point of articulation, ensuring the Quran is recited as it was revealed. This section's cards cover Nun Sakinah and Tanween rulings, elongation (madd), qalqalah, articulation points, and more — based on the Hafs 'an 'Asim narration, each rule illustrated with a real Quranic example.
Level:
All
Basic
Intermediate
Advanced
Sub:
All
Noon Saakinah Rules
Meem Saakinah Rules
Madd
Characteristics
Qalqalah
Waqf & Ibtida
Articulation Points
Raa Rules
Assimilation
Ghunnah
General
Special Topics
Idgham
Meem Saakinah Rules
Tafkheem & Tarqeeq
Raa Rules
Laam Rules
Hamzah Rules
Recitation Modes
Similar Verses
Letter Attributes
Ghunnah
Articulation Points
Tafkheem & Tarqeeq
Advanced
Basic
Intermediate
Letter Attributes
Tarteel
Introduction
Laam Rules
Metonymy
Hafs Exceptions
Types of Idgham
Raa Rules
Uthmani Script
Four Types of Waqf — Tam, Kafi, Hasan, Qabih
Types of Waqf by ruling:
1. Tam (Complete):
Pausing on speech complete in meaning, disconnected from what follows in meanin…
Includes quiz
Madd Lazim — Strongest & Longest Madd
Madd Lazim is the strongest and longest type of Madd — duration: 6 harakaat (obligatory).
Called Lazim because the sukoon …
Includes quiz
Ra Tafkhim — Seven Cases
Ra is heavy (Tafkhim) in 7 cases:
1. Ra with fathah | 2. Ra with dammah | 3. Ra sakinah after fathah | 4. Ra sakinah after damm…
Includes quiz
Ra Tarqeeq — Three Cases
Ra is light (Tarqeeq) in 3 cases:
1. Ra with kasrah: "رِجَالٌ"
2. Ra sakinah after original kasrah: "فِرْعَوْنَ"
3. Ra sakina…
Includes quiz
Al-Mutajaanisaan — Same Makhraj, Different Sifaat
Mutajaanisaan: Two letters sharing the same makhraj but different sifaat — first sakinah, second moving.
Famous Hafs examples…
Includes quiz
Al-Mutaqaaribaan — Close in Makhraj or Sifaat
Mutaqaaribaan: Two letters close in makhraj or sifaat.
Hafs examples:
• Lam+Ra: "قُل رَّبِّ" — Lam merges into Ra
• Noon+L…
Includes quiz
Pausing at Word Endings — Detailed Rulings
Changes at word endings when pausing:
1. Tanween: substituted with Alif in accusative: "عَلِيماً" → "عَلِيمَا"
2. Ta Marbutah (ة…
Includes quiz
Disconnected Letters — Rulings & Recitation
Disconnected letters (Fawatih): Opening letters of some surahs like "الم" and "يس".
Read by their letter names: Alif-Lam-Meem, …
Includes quiz
Sakt (Brief Pause Without Breath) in Hafs — Four Specific Positions
Definition:
Sakt: a brief pause (without breathing) on a letter, then continuing. This is one of the unique features of Hafs's …
Includes quiz
Major Assimilation (Al-Idgham Al-Kabeer) — Identical and Similar Letters
Definition:
Major Assimilation (Idgham Kabeer): merging a voweled letter into an identical or similar voweled letter following …
Includes quiz
Stress (Nabr) in Recitation — Definition and Scholarly Disagreement
Definition:
Nabr (stress) linguistically means elevation or raising. Technically, it refers to raising the voice on a syllable …
Includes quiz
Verbal Similarity (Al-Mutashaabih Al-Lafzhi) — Definition and Methods of Mastery
Definition:
Al-Mutashaabih Al-Lafzhi refers to verses or phrases that are similar in sound or structure to other verses, potent…
Includes quiz
Obligatory Light Word Extension (Al-Madd Al-Laazim Al-Kalimi Al-Mukhaffaf) — Definition and Examples
Definition:
Al-Madd Al-Laazim Al-Kalimi Al-Mukhaffaf is when a madd letter is followed by a genuinely sukoon letter (no shaddah…
Includes quiz
Incidental Attributes — Itbaq, Infitah, Isti'la, and Istifal
Definition of Incidental Attributes:
These are qualities that arise from a letter's position or neighboring context, affecting …
Includes quiz
Pausing with Sukoon, Ishmam, or Rawm — Differences and Examples
Definition of Pausing Modes:
When pausing on a word-final voweled letter, three options exist:
1. Sukoon (Full Stop):
The …
Includes quiz
Major and Minor Imala — Definition and Types in Hafs
Definition of Imala:
Linguistically: inclination. Technically: pronouncing the alif or fatha with a lean toward the yaa and kas…
Includes quiz
Tasheel — The Facilitated Hamza Between Hamza and a Long Vowel
Definition of Tasheel:
Technically: pronouncing the second of two consecutive hamzas with a sound between a full hamza and the …
Includes quiz
Ibdal — Converting the Hamza into a Long Vowel
Definition of Ibdal:
Ibdal: converting a sukoon hamza into a long vowel matching the movement of the letter before it. If prece…
Includes quiz
Separated and Joined Writing in Uthmani Script — Distinguishing "an laa" from "alaa"
Definition of Separated and Joined:
Maqtoo (separated): written in the Mushaf as two separate words even though pronounced as o…
Includes quiz
Special Words in Hafs — "Al-Dhaf", "Bastah", and "Siraat"
The Issue of "Al-Dhaf" / "Al-Dhuf":
In Surah Al-Rum (verses 54) the word appears three times. Hafs has two readings: "Al-Dhaf" …
Includes quiz
Heaviness of Baa in "Bismillah" — Its Ruling and the Scholarly Difference
Origin of the Issue:
Baa is an Istifaal (non-elevated) letter and is by default lightly pronounced — but scholars of Tajweed di…
Includes quiz
Al-Sakt for Hafs — The Four Positions and Their Evidence
Definition of Sakt:
Sakt: a momentary pause of the voice without breathing — shorter than waqf and not considered a full stop. …
Includes quiz
Fari Mad — All Types Summarized in a Table
Definition of Fari Mad:
Fari Mad: any extension beyond the natural mad (two counts) due to hamza or sukoon — there are seven ma…
Includes quiz
Prosodic Segmentation and Phonetic Syllables in the Quran
The phonetic syllable in Arabic:
The phonetic syllable is a pronunciation unit beginning with a consonant followed by a vowel. …
Includes quiz
Idhlaq, Ismat & Letter Titles
(1) Idhlaq: Ease of letter production from tongue tip or lip.
6 letters in mnemonic "Firra min lubb" (فِرَّ مِن لُبٍّ): ف ر م ن…
Includes quiz
The Ten Tongue Makhaarij — Complete Examples
The Ten Tongue Makhaarij (10 articulation points, 18 letters):
Back of tongue + roof: ق — Examples: الْقُرْآنُ، الْقَدْرِ…
Includes quiz
Hamzat Al-Qat' & Hamzat Al-Wasl — Difference and Rulings
(1) Hamzat Al-Qat' (Cutting Hamza):
Permanent in writing and pronunciation (start, middle, pause).
Signs: أ، إ، آ، ؤ، ئ
Place…
Includes quiz
Starting with Wasl + Two Hamzas + Tashil + Naql
(1) Starting with Wasl Hamza (Hafs):
"Al" article → Fathah: الْحَمْدُ starts as أَلْحَمْدُ
Ten nouns → Kasrah: ابْن sta…
Includes quiz
Hafs Exceptions — Imalah, Ishmam, Tashil & Seen for Sad
Hafs Exceptions:
(1) Imalah (single place): "مَجْرَاهَا" in Hud 41 — Ra and following Alif are inclined toward kasrah/ya.
…
Includes quiz
The Four Sakts in Hafs — Locations and Performance
Sakt: A brief interruption of voice (about 2 counts) without breathing, with intent to continue.
Difference from Waqf: Sakt h…
Includes quiz
Small & Big Idgham + Obligatory, Permissible & Forbidden
Idgham by First Letter's State:
(1) Small Idgham: First letter sukoon, second moving. Examples: قَالَت طَّائِفَةٌ، ارْكَب مَ…
Includes quiz
Ra — Permissible Cases and Subtle Exceptions
Permissible Cases for Ra:
(1) "فِرْقٍ" (Shu'ara 63): Both modes permitted — preferred: light.
(2) "الْقِطْرِ" (Saba' 12, …
Includes quiz
Comprehensive Waqf — Sukoon, Rawm, Ishmam + Ta' Marbutah + Alif-spelled + Mu'anaqah
Three Ways of Pausing:
(1) Plain Sukoon: Silencing the last letter completely. Most common. Applies to all vowels.
(2) Rawm…
Includes quiz
Maqtu'-Mawsul + Ta's + Idafah Yas
(1) Maqtu' & Mawsul (Separated vs. Joined Words in Mushaf Spelling):
"أن لا" separated in 10 places (Hud 2, Isra 23, A'raf 10…
Includes quiz
Ha' Al-Sakt — Locations and Rulings in Hafs
Ha' Al-Sakt: A silent Ha written in the Mushaf at the end of certain words to indicate a dropped vowel or pause letter. Not to b…
Includes quiz